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español al inglés
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español al inglés: Agriculture General field: Ciencias
Texto de origen - español Validación de los biomarcadores génicos
Las diferencias entre los niveles de transcripción de un gen y la cantidad final de proteína expresada pueden ser importantes Esto puede ser debido a distintos factores, como los errores experimentales, la estructura secundaria del RNA, su estabilidad o la vida media del RNA, entre otros (Maier et al., 2009). En consecuencia, se requiere una validación funcional convincente mediante cuantificación proteica. El proceso de validación de los biomarcadores incluye estudios que añadan información y confianza a estos potenciales biomarcadores. Existen biomarcadores cuyos efectos deben estar relacionados principalmente con la deposición de la PrPSc, la neuropatología y el carácter infeccioso del prión (Lloyd et al., 2011). No obstante, se requieren estudios experimentales antes de utilizar estas moléculas como biomarcadores o dianas terapéuticas en ensayos clínicos (Huzarewich et al., 2010). Se deben utilizar técnicas de cuantificación o semi-cuantificación proteica para determinar el nivel de proteínas codificadas por los genes que presentan altos niveles de regulación a nivel transcripcional. Las técnicas de inmunoensayo (ELISA, inmunohistoquímica (IHQ) o WB) son las más utilizadas para la validación funcional de un potencial biomarcador génico. Como ejemplos de genes validados a nivel funcional, citaremos el SCRG1 (gen con respuesta a scrapie 1), que se sobreexpresa en modelos experimentales de scrapie y BSE (Dandoy-Dron et al., 1998; Dandoy-Dron et al., 2000). Posteriormente, en modelos murinos de scrapie, la proteína codificada por este gen se ha visto relacionada tanto con el estrés y la muerte neuronal como con el proceso de la autofagia (Dron et al., 2005).
Filali et al. ITEA (2014), Vol. 110 (1), 49-70
Traducción - inglés Validation of gene biomarkers
There can be significant differences between the level of transcription of a gene and the quantity of protein finally expressed. This may be the result of various factors, including experimental error, and the secondary structure, stability and half-life of the RNA (Maier et al., 2009), so functional validation by protein quantification is therefore required. The biomarker validation process includes tests which add to the information available, and generate confidence in these potential biomarkers. There are biomarkers whose effects seem to be mostly related to PrPSc deposition, and to the neuropathology and infectious nature of the prion (Lloyd et al., 2011), but experimental studies must be carried out before these molecules can be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in clinical trials (Huzarewich et al., 2010). Techniques for protein quantification or semi-quantification should be used to determine quantities of the proteins encoded by genes which exhibit high degrees of regulation at the transcription level. Immunoassay (ELISA, immunohistochemistry (IHC) or Western Blot) techniques are usually used in the functional validation of a potential gene biomarker. Examples of genes which have been validated at a functional level include ScRG1 (scrapie-responsive gene 1), which is overexpressed in experimental scrapie and BSE models (Dandoy-Dron et al., 1998; Dandoy-Dron et al., 2000). The protein encoded by this gene was subsequently found to be related to stress and neuron death, and to the process of autophagy in mouse models for scrapie (Dron et al., 2005).
Filali et al. ITEA (2014), Vol. 110 (1), 49-70
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Formación en el ámbito de la traducción
Graduate diploma - Uni Westminster / IOL
Experiencia
Años de experiencia: 12 Registrado en ProZ.com: Apr 2006
An enthusiastic, friendly freelance translator (Spanish to English) with a science background and hands-on experience in a variety of fields. Specialising in life sciences, clinical trials, agriculture and insurance translation and accustomed to working under tight time constraints to produce accurate, fluent and timely translations. Used to dealing with clients face-to-face and through intermediaries, and to tailoring products to client specifications.
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