English to Chinese: 脑钠肽用于检测心力衰竭
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Pharmaceuticals | |
Source text - English
A variety of clinical immunoassays are clinically available for plasma BNP.These include a rapid point-of-care assay as well as central lab assays that offer improved precision compared to the point-of-care test.These assays are harmonized at a value of 100 ng/L, but above or below this level the correlations are not strong.Plasma BNP concentrations have been variously reported in units of pmol/L, ng/L, or pg/mL.The currently available rapid assay reports results in pg/mL; the assay range is 5 to 1300 pg/mL or 1.4 to 376 pmol/L .
Genetic factors may account for roughly 40 percent of the total variation in plasma BNP in normal subjects .Similar variability has been noted with N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) . A potential source of error is that plasma BNP concentrations can vary with the assay used (due to various antibody configurations), age, sex, and body mass index .The normal values tend to increase with age and to be higher in women than men. | Translation - Chinese
现有各种可用于临床检验血浆BNP的免疫检测。其中包括快速即时检测和中心实验室检测，中心实验室检测的精确度高于即时检测。这些方法在100ng/mL时得到一致的结果，而高于和低于此水平时的相关性不强。血浆BNP浓度的报告有不同的单位，包括pmol/L、ng/L或pg/mL。目前可用的快速检测法报告结果时以pg/mL为单位；检测范围为5-1300pg/mL或表示为1.4-376pmol/L。正常受试者的血浆BNP全部变异中约40%可能是由遗传因素所致。已发现NT-proBNP也有相似的变异性。可带来误差的一个潜在原因是血浆BNP浓度可因测定方法(不同的抗体结构导致差异)、年龄、性别和BMI的不同而变化。正常值往往会随年龄的增长而增加，且女性的正常值高于男性。 |
English to Chinese: 艾司洛尔用于紧急控制室率
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Pharmaceuticals | |
Source text - English
The following esmolol regimen is recommended for acute rate control:
● A bolus of 0.5 mg/kg is infused over one minute, followed by 50 mcg/kg per min.
● If, after four minutes, the response is inadequate, another bolus is given followed by an infusion of 100 mcg/kg per min.
● If, after four minutes, the response is still inadequate, a third and final bolus can be given followed by an infusion of 150 mcg/kg per min.
● If necessary, the infusion can be increased to a maximum of 200 mcg/kg per min after another four minutes.
Alternatively, an infusion can be started at 50 µg/kg per min without a bolus, and the rate of administration can be increased by 50 µg/kg per min every 30 minutes.
Intravenous propranolol, 1 mg over one minute, can be given and repeated up to three doses at two-minute intervals. | Translation - Chinese
紧急控制室率的艾司洛尔推荐方案如下：
● 先以1分钟静脉推注0.5mg/kg，然后以50μg/(kg·min)的速率输注。
● 如果4分钟后反应不充分，则再次推注，然后以100μg/(kg·min)的速率输注。
● 如果4分钟后反应仍不充分，则最后推注一次，然后再以150μg/(kg·min)的速率输注。
● 如有必要，再过4分钟后可加快输注速率，最大速率为200μg/(kg·min)。
也可不静脉推注而以50μg/(kg·min)的速率开始输注，每30分钟可将输注速率上调50μg/(kg·min)。
以1分钟静脉给予普萘洛尔1mg，然后每2分钟重复给予，最多3次。 |
English to Chinese: 心律失常的治疗
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Pharmaceuticals | |
Source text - English
Treatment of atrial arrhythmias depends on the rhythm and substrate (with electrophysiologic study frequently performed to identify accessory pathways).
Radiofrequency catheter ablation or less commonly surgical ablation of atrioventricular accessory pathway(s) is suggested in symptomatic patients Since an interatrial shunt is frequently present, paradoxical embolism is a potential risk of catheter ablation.Atrial tachyarrhythmias (fibrillation and flutter) can also be treated with right-sided or bi-atrial Maze procedure at the time of surgical repair.Bi-atrial Maze procedure may be preferable to catheter based ablation for persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation/flutter.A registry study evaluated 65 patients with Ebstein anomaly and showed that a single accessory pathway was present in 52 percent, multiple accessory pathways in 29 percent, and arrhythmias unrelated to an accessory pathway in 18 percent.The acute success rate of radiofrequency ablation for patients with single pathway was 77 percent (26/34 patients) and for multiple pathways the success rate was 90 percent (17/19 patients).Ablation of a right free wall or right septal pathway was initially successful in 79 and 89 percent, respectively; however, the recurrence rate was 32 and 29 percent.Among those with arrhythmias unassociated with an accessory pathway, ablation was initially successful in 75 percent, and 27 percent had recurrence.A later multicenter study that reported on catheter ablations in 32 patients with Ebstein anomaly confirmed that patients with Ebstein anomaly often have multiple arrhythmogenic substrates; the most frequent ablation targets were accessory pathways, followed by macroreentrant atrial circuits.Further, arrhythmia recurrence is frequent after ablation due to conduction recovery.A single-center study showed high diagnostic and therapeutic yield of preoperative electrophysiology study in patients with Ebstein anomaly, aged 0.2 to 56 years.Based on this study, centers are increasingly performing routine preoperative electrophysiology study to identify arrhythmias and accessory conduction pathways; ablation of accessory pathways prior to surgical repair is generally suggested as catheter-based ablation becomes challenging after the area around the accessory pathway has been plicated. Indications for arrhythmia surgery (surgical ablation of accessory pathways or a Maze procedure) concomitant with tricuspid valve repair or replacement and atrial septal defect (ASD) closure are atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmias not amenable to percutaneous treatment and ventricular preexcitation not successfully treated in the electrophysiology lab。 | Translation - Chinese
房性心律失常的治疗取决于节律和基质，其旁路常采用电生理检查来确定。对于有症状的患者，建议行房室旁路射频导管消融，有时也可行手术消融，因为患者常常存在房间分流，此时行导管消融有可能引发反常栓子。房性快速性心律失常(房颤和房扑)也可在修复术时采用右房或双房迷宫手术治疗。对于持续性或永久性房颤/房扑，双房迷宫术可能优于导管消融。一项注册研究评估了65例Ebstein畸形患者，显示52%的患者存在1个旁路，29%存在多个旁路，18%的心律失常与旁路无关。单旁路患者射频消融的早期成功率为77%(26/34例)，多旁路患者中为90%(17/19例)。右侧游离壁和右间隔旁路初次消融的成功率分别为79%和89%，但复发率分别为32%和29%。旁路无关性心律失常患者中，75%初次消融成功，27%复发。随后一项报道了32例Ebstein畸形患者导管消融的多中心研究证实，Ebstein畸形患者往往有多个致心律失常基质；最常见的消融靶点是旁路，其次是心房内大折返环。此外，由于传导恢复，消融后心律失常复发常见。一项针对0.2-56岁Ebstein畸形患者的单中心研究显示，术前电生理检查具有较高的诊断率和治疗率。基于该研究结果，越来越多的中心术前常规行电生理检查来识别心律失常和传导旁路。由于旁路周围区域形成皱褶后很难进行导管消融，所以通常建议在修复手术前进行旁路消融。心律失常手术(手术消融旁路或迷宫手术)联合三尖瓣修复术或置换术和ASD闭合术的适应证是，不适合经皮治疗的房性和/或室性心律失常以及电生理实验室中治疗失败的心室预激。 |
English to Chinese: 409研究设计
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Pharmaceuticals | |
Source text - English
Study 409 was a Phase 3b/4 open-label, multicenter, prospective study with an 8-week single-arm, open-label Acute Phase with MMX 4.8g/day given once daily and a 12-month single-arm, open-label Maintenance Phase with MMX 2.4g/day given once daily. Subjects who were suspected to have an acute flare of mild to moderate UC, with a known diagnosis established by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy with compatible histology, were screened. Subjects with a suspected, but not confirmed diagnosis of mild to moderate UC, were also screened; however, the diagnosis of UC must have been confirmed by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy with compatible histology prior to the Baseline Visit. | Translation - Chinese
409是一项3b/4期开放性多中心前瞻性研究，急性期和维持期均为开放性单臂设计，分别为期8周和12个月，急性期MMX用药方案为4.8g/d，一日1次；维持期用药方案为MMX 2.4g/d，一日1次。筛选受试者的条件包括：怀疑有轻/中度UC的急性发作，且既往经乙状结肠镜或结肠镜检查发现符合UC的组织学表现而确诊UC；或者怀疑但未确诊的轻/中度UC，但必须在基线访视前由乙状结肠镜或结肠镜检查发现相应组织学表现确诊UC。 |
English to Chinese: xx药的药理学评估
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Pharmaceuticals | |
Source text - English
The clinical pharmacology program for XX in subjects with mCNV had the specific objective to characterize the PK and systemic exposure of free and bound XX after IVT administration in subjects with mCNV, and compare the PK and the systemic exposure with that observed in subjects with AMD or CRVO. To characterize the PK of free and bound XX, data were collected from the MYRROR (15170) study using a sparse sampling schedule for all subjects and a dense sampling schedule in a subset of eight subjects. Sparse XX plasma concentration data were used to compare free and adjusted bound XX steady-state trough concentrations across the mCNV subject population and to assess the effect of a number of covariates on these trough concentrations. For dense XX plasma concentration-time data pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental analysis | Translation - Chinese
xx用于mCNV受试者的临床药理研究特定目标为，了解mCNV受试者经玻璃体腔内注射(IVT)用药后游离和结合xx的药代动力学(PK)及全身暴露情况，并比较mCNV受试者与AMD或CRVO受试者使用xx后的PK及全身暴露情况。MYRROR(15170)研究为明确游离及结合xx的PK，对所有受试者采用稀疏采样方案，而对含8例受试者的子样本采用密集采样方案。稀疏xx血药浓度数据用于比较不同mCNV受试者间的游离和校正结合xx稳态谷浓度，以及评估多种协变量对该谷浓度的影响。而对于密集xx血药浓度-时间数据，采用非房室模型分析计算PK参数。 |
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