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gene silencing

Chinese translation: 基因沉默/寂

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:gene silencing
Chinese translation:基因沉默/寂
Entered by: Adsion Liu

For term searches and specialty glossaries, please try the new GBK glossaries
12:54 Feb 9, 2010
English to Chinese translations [PRO]
Science - Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
Additional field(s): Medical (general), Genetics
English term or phrase: gene silencing
Definition from MedicineNet, Inc.:
Gene silencing: A mechanism by which cells shut down large sections of chromosomal DNA. Gene silencing is done by incorporating the DNA to be silenced into a form of DNA called heterochromatin that is already silent. The process of gene silencing is important for the differentiation of many different types of cells.

Example sentence(s):
  • Evidence is emerging that geminiviruses and plant pararetroviruses can interact with the gene silencing system either from introduced DNA constructs or during viral pathogenesis. Some observations suggest there are complex relationships between DNA viral activity, transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing mechanisms. biotech-info.net
  • The biggest challenges in the field at the moment are understanding two things: how does DNA methylation participate in gene silencing (and that includes what molecules target the DNA methylation to these promoter regions), and why is the cancer cell doing this? The Thomson Corporation
  • In 2005, Pikaard and his collaborators published research showing that the major function of Pol IV is to generate siRNAs, thereby singling out this RNA polymerase as a potential player in gene silencing. ScienceDaily LLC
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基因沉默
Definition:
"基因沉默" 英文对照

gene - silencing; gene silence;


"基因沉默" 在学术文献中的解释

1、基因沉默是指生物体中特定基因由于种种原因不表达.它发生在两种水平上,一种是转录水平上的基因沉默,另一种是转录后基因沉默
文献来源

2、在转基因植物中外源基因不能正常表达,呈失活状态的现象称为基因沉默.造成基因沉默的因素主要有插入位置、重复序列和甲基化.基因沉默一般可以归为转录水平和转录后水平上
文献来源

3、这种基因失活的现象称为基因沉默.其沉默机制可分为以下3种：位置效应、转录水平的基因沉默、转录后水平的基因沉默.建议国家“863”项目投入更多的经费用于基因沉默机制、防止基因沉默发生的研究
文献来源
Selected response from:

Adsion Liu
Canada
Grading comment
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of translations provided
4 +2基因沉默
Adsion Liu
4基因静默
chenlc03


  

Translations offered


2 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +2
基因沉默


Definition from http://define.cnki.net:
"基因沉默" 英文对照

gene - silencing; gene silence;


"基因沉默" 在学术文献中的解释

1、基因沉默是指生物体中特定基因由于种种原因不表达.它发生在两种水平上,一种是转录水平上的基因沉默,另一种是转录后基因沉默
文献来源

2、在转基因植物中外源基因不能正常表达,呈失活状态的现象称为基因沉默.造成基因沉默的因素主要有插入位置、重复序列和甲基化.基因沉默一般可以归为转录水平和转录后水平上
文献来源

3、这种基因失活的现象称为基因沉默.其沉默机制可分为以下3种：位置效应、转录水平的基因沉默、转录后水平的基因沉默.建议国家“863”项目投入更多的经费用于基因沉默机制、防止基因沉默发生的研究
文献来源

Example sentence(s):
  • 2009年1月15日 ... 基因沉默是指转基因植物和转基因动物中往往会遇到这样的情况，外源基因存在于生物体内，并未丢失或损伤，但该基因不表达或表达量极低的现象。 ... - http://wenda.tianya.cn  
  • 基因沉默（Gene silence）：转基因动植物中往往会遇到这样的情况，外源基因存在于生物体内，并未丢失或损伤，但该基因不表达或表达量极低，这种现象称为基因沉默（gene ... - http://www.chemdrug.com  
  • 人們發現，雙鏈RNA可以抑制含有特定序列的基因表達。應用RNA的這一特點，在生物體外強有力地使基因沉默——即RNA干擾(RNAi)，從而開創了一個新的和正在快速發展的生命 ... - http://www.bookssearching.com  

Explanation:
Also: 基因沉寂
Traditional Chinese: 基因沉寂/默
Adsion Liu
Canada
Local time: 03:42
Native speaker of: Chinese
PRO pts in category: 4

Votes in favor of/against selecting this as the best translation of the term asked
Yes  ILT
1 day 8 hrs
  -> Thank you, ILT!
Yes  Yurek
3 days 9 hrs
  -> Thank you, Yurek!
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)

3 days 3 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
基因静默


Definition from own experience or research:
基因静默是细胞内抑制特定基因表达的一种机制， 一般涉及转录或转录后基因调节。

Example sentence(s):
  • 大约四年前，一项重要的技术诞生了：通过合成small interfering RNA（siRNA） 并将其引入细胞质，来特异性地静默一个基因。这项技术被称为后转录基因静默（post-transcriptional gene silencing, PTGS）。 - 生物谷  
  • AT-1受体、ACE基因静默对肝星状细胞NF-κB 活性的影响 - 南方医科大学学报  
  • RNAi亦可稱為轉錄後基因靜默作用（post transcriptional gene silencing, PTGS），係因RNAi作用於基因轉錄為mRNA後，透過降解作用，使得mRNA無法轉譯成蛋白質，而產生該基因靜默現象。 - 行政院農業委員會  
chenlc03
Native speaker of: Native in ChineseChinese
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