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Sample translations submitted: 1
English to Indonesian: Risk factors associated with open gingival embrasures after orthodontic treatment General field: Medical Detailed field: Medical: Dentistry
Source text - English ABSTRACT
Objectives: To investigate the incidence of and contributing factors to open gingival embrasures between the central incisors after orthodontic treatment.
Materials and Methods: One hundred posttreatment patients (29 men and 71 women; mean age, 24.7 years) were divided retrospectively into occurrence and nonoccurrence groups based on intraoral photographs. Based on the severity, the occurrence group was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups. Parameters from periapical radiographs, superimposed lateral cephalograms, and study models were compared between the occurrence and the nonoccurrence groups by using independent t-tests and were also analyzed on the basis of severity via analysis of variance. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the contributing factors to open gingival embrasures.
Results: The incidence of open gingival embrasures between the central incisors was 22% and 36% in the maxilla and the mandible, respectively. Lingual movement of the incisors, distance from the
contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment, antero-posterior overlap of the two central incisors before treatment in the maxilla, and distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment in the mandible were significantly associated with the occurrence of open gingival embrasures (P < .05). In the mandible, the amount of intrusion was significantly related to severity (P < .05).
Conclusions: The incidence of open gingival embrasures following orthodontic tooth movement is high. Therefore, attention should be paid to the contributing factors to prevent or reduce the occurrence of open gingival embrasures.
KEY WORDS: Open gingival embrasure; Black triangle; Orthodontic treatment
Translation - Indonesian ABSTRAK
Tujuan: Untuk menyelidiki kejadian dan faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap embrasure gingiva terbuka antara gigi insisif sentral setelah perawatan ortodontik.
Bahan dan Metode: Seratus pasien setelah perawatan (29 pria dan 71 wanita; usia rata-rata, 24,7 tahun) dibagi secara retrospektif menjadi kelompok kejadian dan non-kejadian berdasarkan foto intraoral. Berdasarkan tingkat keparahannya, kelompok kejadian selanjutnya dibagi menjadi kelompok ringan, sedang, dan berat. Parameter dari radiografi periapikal, sefalogram lateral yang ditumpangkan, dan model studi dibandingkan antara kelompok kejadian dan non-kejadian dengan menggunakan t-test independen dan juga dianalisis berdasarkan tingkat keparahan melalui analisis varian. Analisis regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap embrasure gingiva terbuka.
Hasil: Insidensi embrasure gingiva terbuka antara gigi insisif sentral adalah 22% dan 36% pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah. Pergerakan gigi insisif, jarak dari titik kontak ke puncak alveolar setelah perawatan, tumpang tindih antero-posterior dari dua insisif sentral sebelum perawatan di rahang atas, dan jarak dari titik kontak ke puncak alveolar setelah perawatan di rahang bawah secara bermakna dikaitkan dengan terjadinya embrasure gingiva terbuka (P < 0,05). Dalam rahang bawah, jumlah intrusi secara signifikan terkait dengan tingkat keparahan (P < 0,05).
Kesimpulan: Insidensi embrasure gingiva terbuka setelah pergerakan gigi ortodontik tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perhatian harus diberikan pada faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi untuk mencegah atau mengurangi terjadinya embrasure gingiva terbuka.
KATA KUNCI: Embrasure gingiva terbuka; Segitiga hitam; Perawatan ortodontik
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Translation education
Bachelor's degree - University of Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama)
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Years of experience: 7. Registered at ProZ.com: Nov 2019.
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