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Sample translations submitted: 3
English to Thai: โรคข้อสันหลังอักเสบยึดติด (translated for www.thdoctor.com) General field: Medical
Source text - English Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis that primarily affects your spine. It causes severe inflammation of the vertebrae that might eventually lead to chronic pain and disability. In more advanced cases, the inflammation can cause new bone to form on the spine, which may lead to deformity.
Ankylosing spondylitis can also cause pain and stiffness in other parts of your body. Other large joints such as the shoulders, hips, and knees can be involved as well.
What Causes Ankylosing Spondylitis?
The cause of ankylosing spondylitis is unknown. The disorder does tend to run in families, so genetics probably play a role. If your parents or siblings have ankylosing spondylitis, you are 10 to 20 times more likely to be diagnosed with the disease than someone with no family history.
What Are The Symptoms Of Ankylosing Spondylitis?
The symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis vary. It is often characterized by mild to moderate flare-ups of inflammation that alternate with periods of almost no symptoms. The most common symptom is back pain in the morning and at night. You may also experience pain in the large joints such as the hips and shoulders. Other symptoms may include:
early morning stiffness
loss of appetite
low grade fever
weight loss
fatigue
anemia or low iron
Because ankylosing spondylitis involves inflammation, other parts of your body can be affected as well. Patients may also experience:
inflammation of the bowels
mild eye inflammation
heart valve inflammation
Achilles tendonitis
How Is Ankylosing Spondylitis Diagnosed?
A rheumatologist, a doctor who specializes in arthritis, is often consulted to help diagnose ankylosing spondylitis. The first step will be a thorough physical exam. A doctor will ask you for details about the pain and the history of your symptoms.
An X-ray of your spine and any painful joints will show erosion. The erosion may not be detected if the disease is in the early stages. An MRI study may also be done, but the results are often difficult to interpret.
A blood test called an erythrocyte sedimentation rate may be done to gauge the presence of any inflammation. A blood test for a protein HLA-B27 may be done. However, the HLA-B27 test does not mean that you have ankylosing spondylitis, only that you have the gene that produces this protein.
How Is Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated?
Because there is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, your treatment will be focused on managing pain and preventing disability.
Medications
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and naproxen are often used to help manage your pain and inflammation. When they don’t provide enough relief, stronger medications may be prescribed.
Activity
Daily exercise is encouraged to help you maintain flexibility and range of motion. Physical therapy may be prescribed for treatment.
Posture
Practicing good posture is promoted in order to prevent the deformity of the spine that can occur in later stages.
Heat/Cold
Applying heat to stiff joints can help reduce pain and soreness. Applying cold helps to reduce swelling.
Surgery
If you have severe damage or deformity to your knee or hip joints, surgery may be necessary.
Who Is at Risk for Ankylosing Spondylitis?
Family History
A family history of ankylosing spondylitis is a risk factor, along with the presence of the HLA-B27 protein.
Age
Unlike other arthritic and rheumatic disorders, initial symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis often appear between the ages of 20 and 40.
Gender
Ankylosing spondylitis is more common in men, but is seen in women as well.
How Is Ankylosing Spondylitis Prevented?
It is not known how you can prevent ankylosing spondylitis because no one knows what causes it in the first place. However, if you have the disease, you can focus on preventing disability by staying active, eating healthy, and maintaining a normal body weight.
What Is the Outlook for Ankylosing Spondylitis?
Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic, progressive disease that often leads to disability. With aggressive treatment and daily exercise, you can slow the progression and lead a normal life.
Translation - English STEPS FOR ADVANCED STRATEGIC PLANNING
Steps for alternative strategic planning can be briefly explained as follows;
Step 1: Vision Establishment
Vision establishment is a process of determining long-term objectives of an organization. These objectives are also typically set as the main goals of the organization and are rarely altered. They often readily exist in the vision of the Organizational Master Plan, from which most organizations adopt the objectives and simply adapt them to fit the present context.
Vision establishment, in other words, is an attempt to identify the answer of the question; “What do organization want to achieve?”
Step 2: Principal Mission Determination
Principal mission determination is about investigating a primary procedure, in order to assure that the goals set in the step 1 are achievable. Strictly speaking, the principle mission is about acquiring the answer to the question “Why do the organization have to be established?” - and the answer is; to fulfill the organization’s anticipation towards the set achievements.
Step 3: Corporate Value Formation
To create corporate value is to give an emphasis on that which the organization values the most. This mutual value functions as a core value of the organization, it could be thought of as an agency which constitutes mutual beliefs and principles amongst the staffs in the organization.
To define the corporate value is to answer the question; “what is the ideology of the organization”
Step 4: Fundamental Accomplishment Proposition
Although, the organization may have many achievements and aspects, it needs to determine it’s main achievement. Metaphorically this method of Fundamental Accomplishment Proposition is the other side of the coin of the Balanced Scoredcard method; that is to say, instead of monitoring organization performance against strategic goals like BSC (Balanced Scoredcard), this method focuses on the outcome results or the achievement. In other words, to propose the fundamental accomplishment is to “implement the strategic goal with practicality”
Note: Before accurately implementing the fundamental accomplishment and the Balanced Scorecard, the strategic respondents must, beforehand, have a comprehensive understanding on the basic knowledge of strategic planning.
Step 5: Strategic Goal Determination
This is the critical step occurs during the strategic planning and the strategic implementation. It is determination of the answer to the question: “What shall be put into action?”
Step 6: Strategy Formation
This step is to outline the tasks and projects of the organization; it is an activity that brings each objectives into practical implementation - each strategy and each subject will be assigned to the subordinates and be put into practice. The appliances, which are used in implementing the strategies, are called “Operational Plan” – which will be expounded further in the “Operational Plan” chapter.
English to Thai: หน้ากาก TRIBORD Easybreath General field: Marketing
Source text - English TRIBORD Easybreath® Mask [Blue]
Size(s) L/XL only.
Designed in France and made in Italy, this award-winning innovation product is finally in our hands! We have made snorkelling the easiest and most relaxing activity. Breathe through your nose underwater, and enjoy a panoramic view of the underwater world. Sizing is for adults and is now available in S/M and L/XL. Please note that we will not accept returns for used masks.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
1. 1
What precautions should I take with my Easybreath®?One thing to look out for: SAND.
- As for your sunglasses, avoid letting your Easybreath® come into contact with sand as this can scratch the window of the mask.
- If sand is present, do not use force to clip the snorkel into place. Rinse the snorkel and mask before connecting them.
- Sand can also clog the float valve inside the snorkel. Rinse the snorkel vigorously or use a key that you can fit through the rear vents of the snorkel to unblock the float valve and rinse the snorkel.
2. 2
Why are there two sizes for adults?
What size Easybreath® should I choose?The EASYBREATH® comes in 2 ADULT sizes which cover 90% of men's and women's faces throughout the world:
- the small size, generally for women and teenagers: S/M
- the large size, generally for men: L/XL
To choose your size: Try on the mask in store. Tighten the mask to fit against your face, there should be no gap between your chin and the bottom of the mask.
More details
3. 3
Why can't you free dive with the Easybreath®?It is not possible to free dive because:
1) The dry top system does not work in a horizontal position when duck diving.
2) The volume of air contained in the Easybreath® is much greater than that contained in a traditional mask; from 1m deep, the pressure of the mask on the face becomes very uncomfortable.
3) When you free dive, you need to equalize the pressure afterwards. With the Easybreath® it is impossible to equalize because you cannot get at your nose.
CARE INSTRUCTIONS:
The Easybreath mask must be hand washed with washing-up liquid after each week of use. Clean the inside of the window well to maintain clear vision and ensure the proper functioning of the exclusive ventilation concept that prevents fogging. Do not wash in the dishwasher.
English to Thai (Translators and Interpreters Association of Thailand)
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Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, Aegisub, AutoCAD, CafeTran Espresso, Catalyst, Crowdin, DejaVu, Easyling, Google Translator Toolkit, Lokalise, memoQ, MemSource Cloud, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office Pro, Microsoft Word, Pagemaker, Passolo, Plunet BusinessManager, Powerpoint, Smartcat, Smartling, Trados Online Editor, Trados Studio, Transifex, Wordbee, Wordfast, XTM, XTRF Translation Management System
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CV available upon request
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Bio
I have been working as a English-Thai professional translator for 8 years and have lived in the UK
for over 15 years before moving back to Thailand. I completed my master degree (art writing) and bachelor degree (creative writing) in London, UK, both with distinctions.
I have
collaborated with numbers of major translation and advertising agencies,
working with fortune 500 companies globally and have experience translating texts in many
fields such as advertising, IT, technology, business, entertainment, marketing, management, medical, legal and many more.
I always complete any tasks assigned with dedication and
passion. People I have worked with refer to me as honest, precise, responsive and punctual.
Kindly message me for my CV and details on work experience. Looking forward to hearing from you.
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