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English to Slovak: European Court of Human Rights: Personal calls and Internet usage from work are (maybe) protected (edited extract) General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Law (general)
Source text - English A Welsh university employee has successfully sued the UK government in the European Court of Human Rights over surveillance that was conducted while the woman was an employee at Carmarthenshire College. According to the complaint, the woman’s e-mail, phone, Internet, and fax usage were all monitored by the Deputy Principal (DP) of the college, who appears to have taken a sharp dislike to her. The DP believed that the woman was using college facilities for personal use too often, and began collecting evidence about her activity. The woman claimed that her human rights were being abused and pointed specifically to Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which governs private and family life.
The woman alleged that the DP began a campaign back in 1999 to discredit her. This campaign involved phone calls to numbers that the applicant had called in an attempt to find out who she had been speaking with, and apparently extended even to reading faxes that she sent to her solicitors from the office.
The case was made tricky by the fact that England lacked two things in 1999: a privacy law and a law governing employers’ rights in monitoring their own employees. Because England had no general right to privacy enshrined in the law, the judges might seem to favour the government; but because employers had no law that gave them rights to monitor their workers, Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights became important. That article says that “everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence”.
The government argued that the surveillance had been legitimate because it only involved the monitoring of the woman’s communications, not the interception of them. Further, the government argued that it was pursuing “the legitimate aim of protecting the rights and freedoms of others by ensuring that the facilities provided by a publicly funded employer were not abused”.
Translation - Slovak Zamestnankyňa waleskej univerzity úspešne zažalovala vládu Veľkej Británie na Európskom súde pre ľudské práva v spore ohľadne sledovania jej osoby, ku ktorému došlo v čase, keď na univerzite pracovala. V sťažnosti sa uvádza, že prodekan školy monitoroval jej elektronickú poštu, telefón, internet a fax, a ako sa zdá, mal voči nej silné výhrady. Prodekan bol presvedčený, že pracovníčka používala školské zariadenia príliš často na osobné účely, o čom začal zhromažďovať dôkazy. Zamestnankyňa tvrdila, že došlo k narušeniu jej ľudských práv, a odvolávala sa najmä na článok 8 Európskeho dohovoru o ochrane ľudských práv, ktorý upravuje súkromný a rodinný život.
Pracovníčka tvrdí, že v roku 1999 začal prodekan kampaň za účelom jej diskreditácie. Súčasťou kampane bolo overovanie telefónnych čísel, na ktoré pracovníčka volala, za účelom zistenia, s kým hovorila, a vyvrcholilo čítaním faxových správ, ktoré posielala svojim právnym zástupcom z kancelárie.
Tento prípad nebol jednoznačný, pretože v roku 1999 Anglicku chýbali dve veci, a to zákon o ochrane súkromia a zákon zastrešujúci práva zamestnávateľa monitorovať svojich zamestnancov. Keďže Anglicko nemalo v právnych predpisoch zakotvené žiadne všeobecné právo týkajúce sa súkromia, mohlo sa zdať, že sudcovia rozhodovali v prospech vlády, ale keďže zamestnávatelia nemali žiaden zákon, ktorý by ich oprávňoval na monitorovanie svojich zamestnancov, stal sa kľúčovým článok 8 Európskeho dohovoru o ochrane ľudských práv. V článku 8 sa hovorí, že „každý má právo na rešpektovanie svojho súkromného a rodinného života, obydlia a komunikácie“.
Britská vláda tvrdila, že sledovanie bolo legálne, nakoľko nešlo o odpočúvanie komunikácie zamestnankyne, ale len o jej monitorovanie. Vláda ďalej tvrdila, že sa jednalo o „opodstatnený cieľ ochrany práv a slobôd ostatných“, a chcela sa „uistiť, že nedošlo k zneužitiu zariadení poskytnutých verejne financovaným zamestnávateľom“.
English to Slovak: For kids to get ahead, it’s parents that need lessons by Steve Hilton (edited extract) General field: Other Detailed field: Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc.
Source text - English Today’s debate about inequality often focuses on “the 1%” – the bankers and chief executives making millions or billions for often no justifiable reason. Excessive boardroom pay is certainly worth addressing, but while the accelerating incomes of the super-rich certainly contribute to inequality overall, they represent just a small part of the problem. The wider affluent classes – the lawyers, doctors, engineers and middle- tier executives who are often products of public schools and Oxbridge – also contribute to inequality. But their contribution is less financial than cultural and behavioural.
Tackling the causes, not just the symptoms, is what is required to make a lasting difference on inequality. As in so many other areas, the root causes – and therefore the solutions – are more human. The problem centres on family life. The affluent classes are entrenching a certain kind of privilege for their children. With all their environmental advantages – from safe neighbourhoods and good nutrition to access to tutors, music lessons, internships and travel – the children of the rich are lapping
their poorer peers even when the latter are naturally brighter.
Translation - Slovak Súčasné diskusie týkajúce sa nerovnosti v britskej spoločnosti sa často sústredia na horné jedno percento – bankárov a výkonných riaditeľov, ktorí často neoprávnene zarábajú milióny či dokonca miliardy. Určite sa oplatí zaoberať otázkou prehnaných manažérskych platov, no i keď zvyšujúce sa platy veľmi bohatých ľudí prispievajú k celkovej nerovnosti, predstavujú iba malý zlomok problému. Širšie vrstvy bohatých právnikov, lekárov, inžinierov a stredného manažmentu, ktorí sú často absolventmi súkromných škôl a Cambridgeskej alebo Oxfordskej univerzity, taktiež prispievajú k nerovnosti. Ich podiel je vo väčšej miere kultúrny a spoločenský než finančný.
Na dlhodobé vyriešenie nerovnosti je nevyhnutné zaoberať sa jej príčinami, nielen následkami. Tak ako aj v mnohých iných oblastiach, aj tu je príčinou, a teda aj riešením, človek. Problém sa sústreďuje na rodinný život. Bohaté vrstvy majú pre svoje deti zakorenené určité privilégiá. Vďaka mnohým výhodám prostredia, v ktorom žijú – od bezpečnej lokality a dobrej výživy po prístup k súkromným učiteľom, hodinám hudby, štipendijné pobyty a cestovaniu – predbiehajú deti bohatých svojich chudobnejších rovesníkov, a to aj v prípade, ak sú chudobnejšie deti bystrejšie.
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Master's degree - Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra
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Years of experience: 8. Registered at ProZ.com: Jan 2016. Became a member: Jan 2016.
English to Slovak (Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra) Slovak (Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, verified) English (Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, verified)
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Slovak native translator with five years of experience and a Master’s degree in linguistics. Reliable and punctual with a strong dedication to every project. My main areas or specialism are legal (mainly family law), corporate, marketing and IT.
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Diploma in Translation course at the University of Westminster, London in 2016 Project management experience from leading UK translation agencies Clean Enhanced DBS certificate Translation capacity: 2,500 words per day References and CV are available upon request.
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