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Sample translations submitted: 1
French to English: Excerpt from Code du Permis de Bourgogne, by Jacky Rigaux and Dominique Bruillot, from Dijon-Beaune Mag General field: Other Detailed field: Wine / Oenology / Viticulture
Source text - French Le Hardi, le pinot noir lui dit merci
Parmi les hommes qui ont fait l’histoire des vins de Bourgogne, le duc Philippe le Hardi est en bonne place. C’est lui qui, en 1395, a fait du pinot noir le « roi » des bourgognes. Petit retour historique.
Par Jacky Rigaux et Dominique Bruillot - Issu du Code du Permis de Bourgogne®
Vers la fin de l’Empire romain en 443, les Burgondes, originaires de Scandinavie, mais déjà installés sur le Rhin depuis deux siècles, vont descendre plus bas et donneront leur nom à la Bourgogne. Clovis n’intégrera pas la Bourgogne à son royaume et cette dernière eut ainsi des rois, dont le plus connu sera Gondebaud, fils de Gundioc, mort en 471. Le roi burgonde Gondebaud conquiert la Septimanie, Arles, Avignon et Marseille. Il perd la bataille de Dijon, négocie avec Clovis. Par la suite, la Bourgogne dut se contenter de ducs. À partir du XIVème siècle débutera le règne des quatre principaux ducs de Bourgogne, Philippe le Hardi, Jean sans Peur, Philippe le Bon et Charles le Téméraire, qui mit fin à l’épopée glorieuse en perdant la vie à la bataille de Nancy. La Bourgogne sera annexée à la France. Louis XI fera construire un imposant château à Beaune, avec des meurtrières tournées vers le centre-ville pour éviter toute velléité de nouvelle autonomie.
« Déloyal gamay »
Les quatre grands ducs de Bourgogne eurent le souci de la qualité des vins de leur duché. Lors des dernières années du XIVème siècle, des insectes dévorèrent les vignes au temps de leur floraison : une larve dénommée latinea uvella. Le cépage gamay, introduit dans la côte par le seigneur de Gamay revenu de croisades, beaucoup plus résistant que le pinot, envahit alors cette dernière. Les vins perdirent en qualité, les marchands boudèrent la Bourgogne n’amenant plus l’or qu’ils procuraient.
Philippe le Hardi prit une mesure radicale par une ordonnance de 1395 : l’interdiction du « déloyal gamay » et de tous les cépages autres que le pinot ! Le pinot fut ainsi sacré cépage emblématique de la qualité bourguignonne. Mutant également en pinot blanc et chardonnay, la Bourgogne des vins fins, en blanc comme en rouge, s’imposa comme vignoble de monocépage : le pinot noir à jus blanc pour les rouges, le chardonnay pour les blancs.
Translation - English Philip the Bold, promoter of pinot noir
Amongst the men who made Burgundy wine famous, the Duke Philip the Bold holds an important position. It was he, who, in 1395, made pinot noir the "king" of Burgundy wines. Here's how:
By Jacky Rigaux and Dominique Bruillot - excerpt from Le Code du Permis de Bourgogne®
Towards the end of the Roman Empire in 443, the Burgundians, who were originally from Scandinavia but had been living on the Rhine River for two centuries, headed further south and gave their name to the Burgundy region. Clovis did not make Burgundy part of his kingdom, so Burgundy was governed by kings: the most well-known of which was Gundobad, the son of Gundioc, who died in 471. Gundobad, the king of Burgundy, conquered Septimania, Arles, Avignon, and Marseille. He lost the battle of Dijon and negotiated with Clovis. Afterwards, Burgundy had to settle for dukes. At the beginning of the 14th century the Dukes of Burgundy began their reign: Philip the Bold, John the Fearless, Philip the Good, and Charles the Bold, who put an end to this glorious adventure when he perished during the Battle of Nancy. Burgundy then became part of France. Louis XI had a large castle built in Beaune, with archer slits facing the city-center to avoid any attempts at overthrowing him.
Disloyal Gamay
The four great Dukes of Burgundy wanted to ensure the quality of their duchy's wines. During the last few years of the fourteenth century, insects began to devour the vines while they ripened. These insects were a type of larva called latinea uvella. The gamay grape variety had been implanted in the hillside by the Lord of Gamay upon his return from the Crusades. The gamay grapevines were much more resistant than pinot grapevines and eventually took them over. The wines continued to be of great quality. The merchants were unhappy with Burgundy and stopped bringing their goods to sell.
Philip the Bold introduced a radical new law in 1395 when he prohibited gamay grapevines as well as all grape varieties other than pinot. From then on, pinot became emblematic of the quality of Burgundy wines and also eventually changed into pinot blanc and chardonnay. Burgundy, the land of fine red and white wines, became known for growing only one type of grape: pinot noir with white juice for red wines, chardonnay for whites.
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Bachelor's degree - Winthrop University
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Years of experience: 12. Registered at ProZ.com: Jan 2015.
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