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Services
Translation, MT post-editing
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Specializes in:
Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc.
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Also works in:
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Portfolio
Sample translations submitted: 1
English to French: STEM CELLS / LES CELLULES SOUCHES - WORD General field: Science Detailed field: Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
Source text - English A promising area of medical research involves the use of primitive body cells known as “stem cells”. These cells have the unique ability to develop – to differentiate – into many kinds of mature cell, such as skin, blood, liver, brain, or muscle cells. Most body cells are already fully differentiated and specialized for one particular function. When cells become specialized they often lose the ability to divide and generate new cells, and those that can still divide can only produce cells of the same type. Stem cells, in contrast, can renew themselves and give rise to a wide range of tissues. The cells in embryos are supreme examples of stem cells. As an embryo develops and grows into a baby, its stem cells differentiate to form all the tissues of the human body. In babies, children, and adults, stem cells can currently be obtained from only a few parts in the body, such as bone marrow.
Stem cells taken from bone marrow seem to be able to form only a limited range of body tissues, but the evidence suggests that stem cells from embryos can be manipulated artificially to give rise to any type of tissue. Embryonic stem cells, therefore, seem to have most potential for treating disease. It is thought that the blood in a baby’s umbilical cord, which can be collected shortly after birth, might be a good source of stem cells, but isolating and growing them from this source has proved to be difficult.
Stem cells could be used to regrow damaged tissues or organs for transplant operations. One of the current problems with transplants is that foreign tissues, such as donated organs, are likely to be rejected by the immune system unless
the patient takes powerful immunosuppressant drugs. Stem cell research may lead to several ways around this problem. One strategy is to transplant tissues that have been derived from a patient’s own stem cells. Another is to modify embryonic stem cells genetically so that tissues derived from them are less likely to trigger an immune reaction even if the cells are implanted into another person. A third option is therapeutic cloning. This technique would involve fusing the patient’s genetic material with an empty egg cell from a donor. Any embryo that developed thereafter would be stimulated to produce stem cells, and these cells would be immunologically compatible with the patient.
If research into therapeutic cloning continues, the fruits of the technology might be seen as soon as 2020. However, some people oppose the research on ethical grounds because it involves the utilization of human embryos.
(from Human, Dorling Kindersley, London, 2004)
Translation - French Un domaine prometteur de la recherche médicale concerne l’utilisation des cellules primitives appelées « cellules souches », capables de former de nombreuses cellules comme celle de la peau, du sang, du foie, du cerveau ou des muscles. La plupart des cellules sont différenciées et, une fois spécialisées, elles perdent souvent la capacité de se diviser et de créer de nouvelles cellules, ou elles ne produisent que des cellules de même type. Mais les cellules souches forment toutes sortes de tissus. Ainsi les cellules souches d’un embryon se différencient au fur et à mesure du développement pour former tous les tissus du corps. Après la naissance du bébé, seules quelques cellules souches subsistent dans certaines parties de son corps, comme la moelle osseuse.
Les cellules souches de la moelle ne peuvent former qu’un ensemble limité de tissus, mais on pense qu’il est possible de manipuler artificiellement celles des embryons pour produire n’importe quel tissu. Le sang du cordon ombilical, que l’on peut recueillir juste après la naissance, constitue une bonne source de cellules souches, mais on a du mal à les isoler et à les cultiver.
On pourrait utiliser les cellules souches pour reconstituer des tissus abîmés ou des organes pour des greffes. L’un des problèmes des transplantations, c’est que les tissus étrangers risquent d’être rejetés par le système immunitaire si le patient ne prend pas des médicaments immunodépresseurs. Les cellules souches pourraient permettre de surmonter ce problème de différentes manières : en transplantant des tissus produits à partir des cellules souches du malade ; en modifiant génétiquement des cellules souches d’embryon, afin que les tissus ne déclenchent pas de réponse immunitaire une fois implantés dans le corps d’une autre personne ; enfin en envisageant un clonage thérapeutique, par l’insertion du matériel génétique du malade dans une cellule d’ovule vide d’une donneuse. L’embryon apparu par la suite serait incité à produire des cellules souches immunologiquement compatibles avec le malade. Cette technologie pourrait être praticable dès 2030. Mais certaines personnes s’opposent à ces recherches pour des raisons éthiques, car elles impliquent l’utilisation d’embryons humains.
(French traduction in : Être Humain, Gallimard Jeunesse, Paris, 2005)
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Experience
Years of experience: 34. Registered at ProZ.com: May 2010.
A native French speaker, I studied in Paris but I have been living in various European countries. From 1990, I am living in Paris and I am working as a freelance translator, from Italian and from English to French.
My main areas of expertise are human sciences, documentary films dubbing (I adapted more than 250 documentary films), tourism and travels, journalism and politics (I adapted and wrote myself many magazine and newspaper articles, also for the French Ministère des Affaires Étrangères), and didactic texts (books or videos) for youth.
Rates are for estimation purposes only, and are subject to change upon review of the job. For more information about my professional experience, please contact me via the e-mail link provided above.
Keywords: English/French Italiano/Francese Tourism, Voyages/Travels/Viaggi, Travel Guides/Guide di Viaggio, Cooking/Cuccina/Cuisine Dubbing/Doublage, TV Documentaries/Documentaires TV, Journalism and Politics, Magazines, Scripts, Music Books, Exhibition Catalogues/Cataloghi di Mostre/Catalogues d’exposition. See more.English/French Italiano/Francese Tourism, Voyages/Travels/Viaggi, Travel Guides/Guide di Viaggio, Cooking/Cuccina/Cuisine Dubbing/Doublage, TV Documentaries/Documentaires TV, Journalism and Politics, Magazines, Scripts, Music Books, Exhibition Catalogues/Cataloghi di Mostre/Catalogues d’exposition, Youth Books, Comics/Fumetti/BD. See less.