Working languages:
English to Italian
German to Italian
Italian (monolingual)

sabrina rivalta
words: thoughts and cultures

San Donato Milanese, Lombardia, Italy
Local time: 17:39 CEST (GMT+2)

Native in: Italian 
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May 13, 2017 (posted via ProZ.com mobile):  review project ...more, + 1 other entry »
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Account type Freelance translator and/or interpreter, Identity Verified Verified site user
Data security Created by Evelio Clavel-Rosales This person has a SecurePRO™ card. Because this person is not a ProZ.com Plus subscriber, to view his or her SecurePRO™ card you must be a ProZ.com Business member or Plus subscriber.
Affiliations This person is not affiliated with any business or Blue Board record at ProZ.com.
Services Translation, Editing/proofreading, Transcreation, Website localization, Project management, Transcription, Subtitling, MT post-editing, Native speaker conversation, Copywriting, Software localization
Expertise
Specializes in:
Medical: InstrumentsMedical: Pharmaceuticals
Advertising / Public RelationsCinema, Film, TV, Drama
Medical (general)Marketing / Market Research
Business/Commerce (general)Transport / Transportation / Shipping
Petroleum Eng/Sci

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KudoZ activity (PRO) PRO-level points: 463, Questions answered: 378, Questions asked: 345
Project History 1 projects entered

Blue Board entries made by this user  11 entries

Payment methods accepted Wire transfer, PayPal
Portfolio Sample translations submitted: 2
English to Italian: Discussion
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical: Cardiology
Source text - English
…The main findings of our report are the following:
1) material retrieved with
emboli protection/aspiration devices is common both in SVG during any clinical
situation and in selected native arteries during ACS,
2) the composition of plaque retrieved from selected native arteries in patients with ACS is not
different in quantity and quality from that retrieved from SVG,
3) thrombotic material is very often (>90%) retrieved in selected native arteries during
ACS, but it is also frequent (around 70%) in SVG.
Overall, these results suggest the possible vulnerable and rupture-prone nature of SVG plaques, as the quantity and quality of plaque material from SVG overlaps that of native arteries in ACS patients. On the other hand, despite thrombotic material is less common in SVG than in native arteries, still its presence in SVG is not negligible also considering that its retrieval is independent from the clinical situation, as thrombus has been found in 65% of the SVG patients presenting with stable angina.
Our results are in substantial agreement with other registries previously published constantly showing that thrombotic and plaque material were frequently retrieved from native coronary arteries and SVG by using an embolic protection device. However these registries focused mainly on the dimensions of particulate debris, while our work concentrated mostly on the qualitative analysis of the debris in terms of pathological composition.
Additional data from Rogers et al. showed that filters or occlusion balloons in PCI of SVG allowed retrieval of plaque and/or thrombus material in around 80% of the cases, a value very similar to the one we found.
Also the study of Rittersma et al, analyzing material aspirated from native arteries in patients with AMI, showed data substantially overlapping with ours.
Indeed, they showed that in 95% of the cases thrombus was retrieved, in 5% only plaque was found, and in 41% both thrombus and plaque were identified. An additional study by Steigen et al. showed data which
were similar to our findings Indeed, in their study, material retrieved during PCI in SVG was constituted in 5% of the cases by plaque, in 17% by thrombus and in 69% by both plaque and thrombus. Of interest, also in this work no relationship was found between the composition of retrieved material and the clinical condition…
Translation - Italian
…I principali risultati della nostra relazione sono i seguenti:
1) il materiale rilevato con dispositivo per la protezione/aspirazione embolica è comune sia durante tutte le situazioni cliniche che nelle arterie native selezionate durante la sindrome coronarica acuta (ACS),
2) la composizione della placca rilevata dall’arteria nativa selezionata nei pazienti con ACS non è diversa in
quantità e qualità da quella rilevata nell’SVG,
3) il materiale trombotico è molto spesso (>90%) rilevato nelle arterie native selezionate durante l’ACS,
ma è frequente (circa 70%) anche nell’SVG.
Complessivamente questi risultati suggeriscono la possibile natura vulnerabile e soggetta a rottura delle placche SVG, poiché quantità e qualità del materiale della placca proveniente dall’SVG supera quella delle arterie native nei pazienti con ACS. D’altra parte, malgrado il materiale trombotico sia meno comune dell’SVG rispetto a quello delle arterie native, la sua presenza nell’SVG non è affatto trascurabile considerando anche che la sua rilevazione è indipendente dallo stato clinico, in quanto il trombo è stato riscontrato nel 65% dei pazienti con SVG che presentano angina stabile.
I nostri risultati sono sostanzialmente concordi con gli studi pubblicati in precedenza. Tali risultati mostrano costantemente che il materiale trombotico e di placca è stato rilevato dalle arterie coronarie native e dall’SVG utilizzando un dispositivo per la protezione embolica. Comunque questi studi sono focalizzati principalmente sulle dimensioni di particolari detriti, mentre il nostro lavoro è concentrato in
prevalenza sull’analisi qualitativa dei detriti in termini di composizione patologica.
Dati aggiuntivi da Rogers et al. hanno mostrato che i filtri e i palloncini di occlusione nel PCI dell’SVG hanno consentito la rilevazione del materiale di placca e/o di trombo in circa l’80% dei casi, valore molto simile a quello da noi riscontrato. Anche lo studio di Rittersma et al., che analizzava il materiale aspirato dalle arterie native nei pazienti con AMI, ha riportato dati sostanzialmente sovrapponibili ai nostri. Tali autori hanno evidenziato che nel 95% dei casi sono stati riscontrati trombi, nel 5% sono state trovate solo placche e nel 41% sia trombi che placche. Un ulteriore studio effettuato da Steigen et al. ha mostrato dati simili
ai nostri. Nel loro studio il materiale riscontrato durante PCI nell’SVG era costituito nel 5% dei casi da placche, nel 17% da trombi e nel 69% da placche e trombi. E’ interessante notare che anche in questo
lavoro non è stata riscontrata alcuna relazione tra la composizione del materiale rilevato e lo stato clinico…
English to Italian: Effects of Resistance vs. Aerobic Training Protocols on Bone Mineral Density in Young Untrained Females
General field: Medical
Detailed field: Medical (general)
Source text - English
Osteoporosis is the most prevalent disease among women. Bone mineral density (BMD) usually maintains its peak values up to the age of 40-50 years, after which a gradual reduction (0.5-1% /year) is expected. Notably, the risk of osteoporosis increases during the first 3 to 5 postmenopausal years (2-6% per year). Factors influencing BMD include aging (beginning at age 30 then becoming more pronounced after age 50), race (white), alcohol and tobacco use, poor dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D, sedentary lifestyle, familial history of osteoporosis and hormonal diseases (thyroid and parathyroid hyperactivity, Cushing’s syndrome) and osteomyelitis, as well as use of drugs (e.g., diuretics or glucocorticoids) and contraceptive devices.
There is a growing body of knowledge about the ability of exercise to preserve BMD throughout life and into advancing age. Cross-sectional studies have confirmed that BMD can be promoted by weight-bearing activities and high-intensity contractions. While dynamic tension activities (e.g., jumping) may be appropriate in growing adolescents (to increase peak BMD and prevent osteopenia), they might not be practical in other situations where resistance training could provide more beneficial results. Furthermore, there is wide consensus that the effects of exercise are limited to the bones linked to the contracting muscles, as verified in animal studies as well. It is also generally thought that training protocols should be especially designed for specific populations. For example, exercises found to be effective in premenopausal women were not so in older postmenopausal women.
Although differences in exercise volume, type (weight-bearing activities) and intensity may result in differential adaptations in BMD, it is unknown what type of exercise (aerobic vs. resistance) may be more appropriate for enhancing BMD in specific sites of the skeleton. There is some evidence for the positive effects of exercise on femoral and pelvic BMD but not on the spine. Other studies, however, reported exercise-induced increases in femoral and spinal BMD. In contrast, Hind et al. (2006) found an inverse
correlation between BMD and long-distance running, with a greater risk in the men rather than their female counterparts.
Given the discrepancies in the current literature and the lack of understanding about the specific advantages of exercise types (resistance vs. endurance) at different sites of the skeleton, the present study was designed as a pioneering work that would take into account the abovementioned shortcomings. The results of this study suggest the importance of prescribing appropriate exercise programs for certain sites of the skeleton…
Translation - Italian
L’osteoporosi è la patologia più diffusa tra le donne. La densità minerale ossea (BMD) mantiene normalmente il suo picco fino all’età di 40-50 anni; dopo tale periodo ci si aspetta una graduale riduzione (0,5-1% all’anno). In particolare, il rischio di osteoporosi aumenta durante i primi 3-5 anni dopo la
menopausa (2-6% all’anno). I fattori che influenzano il BMD comprendono: l’età (dall’età di 30 anni, con aumento significativo dopo i 50 anni), la razza (bianca), l’uso di alcool e tabacco, lo scarso introito di calcio e vitamina D con la dieta, lo stile di vita sedentario, la storia familiare di osteoporosi e di patologia ormonale (ipertiroidismo e iperaparatiroidismo, sindrome di Cushing) e l’osteomielite, come parimenti l’uso di farmaci (es. diuretici e glucocorticoidi) e l’uso di contraccettivi.
E’ ben noto che l’esercizio fisico è in grado di preservare il BMD per tutta la vita e nell’età avanzata. Studi trasversali hanno confermato che il BMD può essere sostenuto con attività a carico naturale e contrazioni ad alta intensità. Le attività di tensione dinamica (per es. salto) possono essere adatte per gli adolescenti in crescita (per aumentare il picco di BMD e prevenire l’osteopenia); non possono essere utili in altre
situazioni in cui l’allenamento di resistenza potrebbe apportare migliori benefici. Inoltre si riscontra ampio consenso sul fatto che gli effetti dell’esercizio siano limitati ad ossa connesse a muscolatura contratta, come anche studiato sugli animali. E’ pensiero comune che i protocolli di allenamento siano particolarmente disegnati per specifiche popolazioni. Ad esempio esercizi efficaci per le donne in pre-menopausa non hanno lo stesso effetto in donne più anziane in post-menopausa.
Anche se un diverso volume, tipo (attività a carico naturale) e intensità di esercizi possono determinare modifiche del BMD, non è noto quale tipo di esercizio (aerobico o di resistenza) possa essere più appropriato per aumentare il BMD nelle parti specifiche dello scheletro. Ci sono prove sugli effetti
positivi dell’esercizio sul BMD femorale e pelvico ma non sulla colonna. Altri studi hanno invece riportato aumenti indotti dagli esercizi sul BMD femorale e del rachide. Al contrario Hind et al. (2006) hanno trovato
una relazione inversa tra BMD e corsa su lunghe distanze con un maggiore rischio nell’uomo rispetto alla donna.
Date le divergenze nella letteratura attuale e la mancanza di comprensione sui vantaggi specifici dei tipi di esercizio (resistenza vs endurance) in parti differenti dello scheletro, lo studio attuale è stato disegnato come il primo lavoro che dovrebbe tenere conto delle sopramenzionate mancanze. I risultati di questo studio suggeriscono l’importanza di prescrivere programmi di esercizi adeguati ad ogni parte dello scheletro…

Glossaries dict-fin, dict-ing, dict-mark, dict-med, dict-ted
Experience Years of experience: 30. Registered at ProZ.com: Mar 2010.
ProZ.com Certified PRO certificate(s) N/A
Credentials N/A
Memberships N/A
Software Adobe Acrobat, Catalyst, EZTitles, Indesign, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Express Scribe, Typo3, Wordpress, xbench, Powerpoint, Trados Studio, Wordfast
CV/Resume CV available upon request
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Bio
Welcome to my page!

I'm an Italian freelance translator with over 15 years of experience in fields such as:

- medical/pharmaceutical thanks to a cooperation with some physicians (translation of abstracts and case studies), born in 1994 for passion in addition to my employment, followed by cooperations with medical publishers (translation of a book, many articles and drug interactions). I can rely on the terminology consultancy from a team of physician;

- marketing (translation of questionnaires and studies for a market research company);

- financial/business thanks to my previous part-time employment at the foreign financial dept of a petrochemical company.

In January 2010 I decided to dedicate myself exclusively to translation, adding to my previous fields the legal, musical and tourism ones as well as the translation of commercial agreements.
This user has earned KudoZ points by helping other translators with PRO-level terms. Click point total(s) to see term translations provided.

Total pts earned: 588
PRO-level pts: 463


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This user has reported completing projects in the following job categories, language pairs, and fields.

Project History Summary
Total projects1
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Corroborated0
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positive0
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Job type
Translation1
Language pairs
English to Italian1
Specialty fields
Medical (general)1
Other fields
Other1
Medical: Cardiology1
Keywords: English, German, medicine, pharmaceutical, drug interactions, marketing, correspondence, music, bus/financial, general. See more.English, German, medicine, pharmaceutical, drug interactions, marketing, correspondence, music, bus/financial, general, engineering, contracts. See less.


Profile last updated
Nov 18, 2022



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