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French to English: Les Droits de l'homme en Russie
Source text - French La situation des défenseurs des droits de l’Homme en Russie
Depuis le début des années 1990, le monde associatif s’est considérablement développé et diversifié en Russie. La Constitution de 1993 reconnaît le droit d’association et des lois d’application de ce droit ont été adoptées. Parmi les associations, celles qui se consacrent à la défense des droits de l’Homme occupent une place particulière. Elles entendent en effet défendre les droits politiques et civils de leurs concitoyens, en manifestant leur indépendance et leur autonomie d’analyse à l’égard du pouvoir politique. Alors que les années 1990 avaient été marquées par une relative indifférence de l’Etat pour le monde associatif, Vladimir Poutine s’intéresse aujourd’hui beaucoup à ce secteur et s’est engagé dans une politique de rapprochement entre l’Etat et les nombreuses associations à but non lucratif créées depuis la disparition de l’URSS. Le rapprochement actuel se fait au nom de l’efficacité, de la rationalisation et de la coordination des activités de l’Etat et des associations. Dans les faits, ces discours se traduisent par une volonté de contrôle des associations, notamment de celles qui entendent défendre les droits de l’Homme dans le pays. Leur autonomie critique est aujourd’hui remise en cause.
L’Etat russe dispose de nombreux instruments de contrôle des associations, qu’ils soient directs ou indirects. De manière directe, il dispose du droit d’autoriser ou non l’enregistrement des associations. Certaines associations ont ainsi fait récemment l’objet d’actions en justice qui menacent leur existence juridique. De manière indirecte, l’Etat dispose d’instruments de pression fiscale pesant sur les ressources associatives. La législation fiscale a été alourdie ces dernières années. Au-delà de ces moyens légaux de contrôle des pratiques de pressions policières contre des associations engagées notamment dans la défense des soldats ou dans des actions en faveur de la Tchétchénie ont été relevées au cours des derniers mois. Dans les régions, les associations dépendent du bon vouloir des autorités locales. Les situations sont variables au sein des différents sujets de la Fédération de Russie. Au-delà du cas de la Tchétchénie, les associations sont particulièrement réprimées dans la région de Krasnodar.
Translation - English The position of Human Rights Defenders in Russia
Since the beginning of the 90s, community based initiatives have developed and diversified considerably in Russia. The 1993 Constitution recognises the right to form associations and laws have been passed to ensure the implementation of this right. Amongst these associations, those devoted to the defence of Human Rights occupy an important place. They actually set out to defend the civil and political rights of their fellow citizens, by demonstrating their independence and their analytical autonomy with regard to political power. Although the 90s had been marked by the relative indifference of the State towards associations, Vladimir Putin is now very interested in this sector and has become involved in developing a closer alliance between the State and the numerous non profit making associations that have been created since the disappearance of the USSR. The present consolidation is taking place in the name of efficiency, rationalisation and co-ordination of the activities of the State and the associations. In practice, these discussions result in a desire to control the associations, in particular the Human Rights Associations in the country, whose critical autonomy is now being reassessed.
The Russian state has many means of controlling the associations, both direct and indirect. In a direct way, they have the right to decide whether or not to authorise the registration of associations. This is how some associations have been the object of legal proceedings that threaten their legal existence. In an indirect way, the State has ways of placing tax burdens on the resources of associations. Fiscal legislation has become tougher in recent years. Beyond these legal means of control, police pressure tactics have been discovered over recent months, above all upon associations involved in the defence of soldiers or initiatives in favour of Chechnya. In the regions, associations depend on the good will of the local authorities. The situation varies within the different administrative units of the Russian Federation. Apart from Chechnya, the suppression of associations is particularly rife in the region of Krasnodar.
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Translation education
Master's degree - University of Surrey
Experience
Years of experience: 2. Registered at ProZ.com: Mar 2005.
French to English (BA Modern Languages) French to English (MA in Translation) French to English (Kingston University, PGCE Modern Languages, verified) French to English (Chartered Institute of Linguists, verified) Spanish to English (Cambridge University (Lang. Degrees), verified)
Spanish to English (University of Surrey, verified) Spanish to English (Kingston University, PGCE Modern Languages, verified) Spanish to English (Chartered Institute of Linguists, verified)
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Memberships
Irish Translators & Interpreters Associa, Associate: ITI, UK, Professional Member: Chartered Insitute of Linguists
Software
Microsoft Word, Microsoft Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Wordfast
Education, medical (discharge reports, doctors' letters, academic reports, patient and doctor questionnaires), market research questionnaires, NGOs, tourism.
French to English and Spanish to English translation
Keywords: Can work weekends, general medical, tourism, market research, NGO, business
Expertise 
CV/Resume (PDF)