gewaltbelastete Erziehung

English translation: quite violent upbringing; upbringing blighted by violence

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
German term or phrase:gewaltbelastete Erziehung
English translation:quite violent upbringing; upbringing blighted by violence
Entered by: Susan Welsh

14:44 Feb 14, 2010
German to English translations [PRO]
Social Sciences - Psychology / child-rearing
German term or phrase: gewaltbelastete Erziehung
Does this just mean "violent" upbringing, or does it mean something a bit stronger (literally, "stressed by violence")?

In der Generation der vor 1962 Geborenen gaben lediglich 9,2% an, ohne körperliche Strafen erzogen worden zu sein, wohingegen 55,5% eine gewaltbelastete Erziehung erlebten.

My translation:
In the generation born before 1962, only 9.2% reported being raised without physical punishment, whereas 55.5% experienced a quite violent upbringing.
Susan Welsh
United States
Local time: 06:46
upbringing burdened with the use of violence
Explanation:
or:

impacted by..
or: upbringing burdened with (any form of) violent mistreatment

here, "gewaltbelastet" definitely means "burdened with (any) use of violence". It does not call it smacking, spanking, hitting or anything else. Any form of violence is included IMO.

I would not call it "violent upbringing" because that could imply purposely raising children to become violent.

Although many countries have developed new laws against violence used to discipline children, it seems that sanctions are not easily enforceable (see below).


www.wodc.nl/images/ewb03fys_Summary_tcm44-57680.pdf

In 1989 Austria added the following provision to the Allgemein Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (3, 146a):
Minors shall follow the instructions of their parents. The parents shall take account of the age, development and personality of the child when setting and enforcing rules; the use of violence and the
infliction of physical or mental suffering are prohibited.
This section of the law is referred to as the Züchtigungsverbot.
Austrian legal history also shows an evolution in legislation, which is intended to eliminate violence against children and between family members. The legal prohibition on the use of violence when
disciplining children is based on civil law. Hence, any violations can have civil law implications in the sense that the court takes account of parental violence when determining the legal relationship between parents and children in connection with limiting or revoking parental rights. There are no sanctions for violations of this prohibition.



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Note added at 1 day1 hr (2010-02-15 16:27:05 GMT)
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-burdened with the use of violence

is the most direct translation.

Another solution berides the ones I mentioned above would be:

55.5% reported experiencing violence in their upbringing

Why the number is 55.5% is a different question.
The article below for example shows a different number for
the experiences of such "gewaltbelastete Erziehung":
17 %
http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-41106209.html


--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day1 hr (2010-02-15 16:27:32 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

corr: ...besides...

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Note added at 1 day1 hr (2010-02-15 16:36:28 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

against violence (here including spanking):
http://actagainstviolence.apa.org/discipline/athome.html
Selected response from:

Bernhard Sulzer
United States
Local time: 06:46
Grading comment
I'm a bit at a loss, since I don't think this translation sounds like English ("burdened with"), but it is the closest of the answers actually proposed. The most helpful replies were in the discussion, but answers were not supplied by those individuals, Annett and Hoare-Spitall. So I'll adjust the Kudoz glossary and award 2 points. That seems fair, and I hate to just close a question with no glossary entry, esp. after what to me was a quite useful discussion. @Bernhard: the Der Spiegel article certainly seems to give more plausible figures for such violence--thanks for the reference. Thanks to all!
2 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4education involving physical punishment
Chris Weimar (M.A.)
4upbringing burdened with the use of violence
Bernhard Sulzer
3I don't see it quite as strong
polyglot45


Discussion entries: 17





  

Answers


13 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
I don't see it quite as strong


Explanation:
I think that they are merely saying that 55.5% of that older generation admit that as children they were smacked for ill-conduct. Today, a smack counts as violence (we mustn't lay a finger on the little cherubs) whereas earlier generations were more pragmatic and would use differing degrees of physical force to call their children to order. I cannot believe that the author means "violence" in the true sense of the term - just that kids were submitted to corporal punshiment for misdemeanours...


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Note added at 1 hr (2010-02-14 16:40:42 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

don't misunderstand me but I have doubts about the term "violence" in English. To me "Gewalt" suggests more the use of force. OK, maybe the legislators use the term "violence" but just to take a personal example: as kids, we were smacked. Not often and not particularly hard, but it did us no harm, we knew our palce in the pecking order and we mended our ways.... To me, in English, violence equates with child abuse, not discipline, as in the example I mentioned

polyglot45
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish, Native in FrenchFrench
PRO pts in category: 7
Notes to answerer
Asker: Well, the authors are very "anti-violence," and invoke the German statute of year 2000 that guarantees children the right to "gewaltfreie Erziehung." So I think a smack on the bottom is considered negative (in fact, I know the authors think that).

Asker: I agree that in English "violence" implies abuse, not discipline. I'm not sure how German expresses that distinction. The word "Zwang" is used (much less frequently) elsewhere in the article, and I translated that as "force," which I understand to be less harsh than "violence." But it does seem that "gewaltfreie Erziehung" means "violence-free," even though it apparently includes ANY type of corporal punishment.

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17 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
education involving physical punishment


Explanation:
I think this is just what the text wants to express using the "wohingegen".
The remaining 35.3% may have been punished without the use of physical violence like being send to bed without dinner or other "educational means".

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Note added at 17 hrs (2010-02-15 07:53:45 GMT)
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or better: upbringing involving physical punishment

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Note added at 17 hrs (2010-02-15 08:26:43 GMT)
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Though you may add that violence may as well mean mental violence considering the stance of the authors I would almost ask the authors and ask for their definition of "violence".

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 17 hrs (2010-02-15 08:34:20 GMT)
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See my comment above. The sample using "wohingegen" clearly distinguishes between "physical" and "non-physical punishment" for this section of your text at least.

Chris Weimar (M.A.)
Germany
Local time: 11:46
Native speaker of: Native in GermanGerman
Notes to answerer
Asker: For sure this is about the home environment, which is why I used the word "upbringing" in the part of my translation that is not queried. The survey involves interviews with parents and kids, and has nothing to do with school as such.


Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
neutral  Annett Kottek (X): 9.2% wurden 'ohne körperliche Strafen erzogen'.
6 mins
  -> ja, das stimmt und 55,5 % erlebten eine gewaltbelastete Erziehung.

neutral  Armorel Young: this presumably refers to the home environment as much as school, and to behaviour as much as subject-specific learning, so it needs to be "upbringing" rather than "education"
1 hr
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7 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
upbringing burdened with the use of violence


Explanation:
or:

impacted by..
or: upbringing burdened with (any form of) violent mistreatment

here, "gewaltbelastet" definitely means "burdened with (any) use of violence". It does not call it smacking, spanking, hitting or anything else. Any form of violence is included IMO.

I would not call it "violent upbringing" because that could imply purposely raising children to become violent.

Although many countries have developed new laws against violence used to discipline children, it seems that sanctions are not easily enforceable (see below).


www.wodc.nl/images/ewb03fys_Summary_tcm44-57680.pdf

In 1989 Austria added the following provision to the Allgemein Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (3, 146a):
Minors shall follow the instructions of their parents. The parents shall take account of the age, development and personality of the child when setting and enforcing rules; the use of violence and the
infliction of physical or mental suffering are prohibited.
This section of the law is referred to as the Züchtigungsverbot.
Austrian legal history also shows an evolution in legislation, which is intended to eliminate violence against children and between family members. The legal prohibition on the use of violence when
disciplining children is based on civil law. Hence, any violations can have civil law implications in the sense that the court takes account of parental violence when determining the legal relationship between parents and children in connection with limiting or revoking parental rights. There are no sanctions for violations of this prohibition.



--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day1 hr (2010-02-15 16:27:05 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

-burdened with the use of violence

is the most direct translation.

Another solution berides the ones I mentioned above would be:

55.5% reported experiencing violence in their upbringing

Why the number is 55.5% is a different question.
The article below for example shows a different number for
the experiences of such "gewaltbelastete Erziehung":
17 %
http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-41106209.html


--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day1 hr (2010-02-15 16:27:32 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

corr: ...besides...

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day1 hr (2010-02-15 16:36:28 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

against violence (here including spanking):
http://actagainstviolence.apa.org/discipline/athome.html

Bernhard Sulzer
United States
Local time: 06:46
Works in field
Native speaker of: German
PRO pts in category: 14
Grading comment
I'm a bit at a loss, since I don't think this translation sounds like English ("burdened with"), but it is the closest of the answers actually proposed. The most helpful replies were in the discussion, but answers were not supplied by those individuals, Annett and Hoare-Spitall. So I'll adjust the Kudoz glossary and award 2 points. That seems fair, and I hate to just close a question with no glossary entry, esp. after what to me was a quite useful discussion. @Bernhard: the Der Spiegel article certainly seems to give more plausible figures for such violence--thanks for the reference. Thanks to all!
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