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15:01 Jul 2, 2012 |
English to Hungarian translations [PRO] Social Sciences - Psychology | |||||||
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| Selected response from: Katalin Szilárd Hungary Local time: 22:25 | ||||||
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Summary of answers provided | ||||
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5 | optimista előítélet / vágyvezérelt vagy elfogult gondolkodás |
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optimista előítélet / vágyvezérelt vagy elfogult gondolkodás Explanation: Biztosan lesznek, akik nem értenek egyet abban, amit már oly sokszor kifejtettem itt a kudozon, mégpedig, hogy a magyar pszichológia és pszichiátria évtizedekkel el van maradva, és igenis a magyar pszichológiában/pszichiátriában legtöbbször "csak" átvesznek. A valence effect is egy olyan kifejezés, ami egyáltalán nem elterjedt. Általában angolul egy az egyben leírják, és utána megmagyarázzák. A hatás itt nem szerencsés választás, lásd az angol definíciót. Főleg a vastagbetűset. http://changingminds.org/explanations/theories/valence_effec... Valence Effect Explanations > Theories > Valence Effect Description | Research | Example | So What? | See also | References Description We are generally more optimistic than pessimistic and tend to over-estimate the probability of good things happening as compared to the chance of bad things happening. The valence of anything is the emotional charge that we feel when we think about it. This can be positive or negative emotion, which indicates positive valence or negative valence. It is natural for us to want good things and so we think more about them. The reverse is generally true when we think less of bad things. The availability that this creates when we are assigning probability tends to make good things seem more likely. Of course if people are pessimistic, then they may think bad things more likely. However, most of us, most of the time, find optimism a more effective state as it can create a self-fulfilling prophecy through the motivational effects it causes. It also likely has evolutionary benefits. Because of the bias towards optimism, being slightly pessimistic is likely to make you more realistic. People whose future is inescapable, such as those with a terminal illness can be more realistic in this way. FMRi tests have shown that optimism is related to reduced coding of undesirable information about the future in the frontal cortex that has been is sensitive to negative estimation errors. The 'Polyanna' effect is where a person sees good in all things and is overly optimistic. Whilst some optimism can be helpful, being unremittingly positive is probably not the best survival strategy. The valence effect is sometimes also called 'wishful thinking' or 'optimism bias'. És hogy mennyire gyerekcipőben jár ez a téma Magyarországon, egy építészmérnök linkjén találtam meg a legfrappánsabb megoldást erre a kifejezésre: http://epulettervezo.freeweb.hu/kt01.pps. Pszihológiai: optimista előítélet, elfogultság (optimism bias) (a kedvező lehetőségek valószínűségének túlértékelése és a kedvezőtlen események valószínűségének alulbecslése), é |
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